Membran Module Membrananlagen Membrantechnik Mikrofiltration Ultrafiltration Nanofiltration
IBMEM - Ing.-Büro für Membrantechnik

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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

- Equivalence between kiloDalton (KD), Microns (micrometers), Nanometers, and Angstroms

- Separation of two compounds with ultrafiltration
- Equivalence between kiloDalton (KD), Microns (micrometers), Nanometers, and Angstroms
KD's Microns Nanometers Angstroms
1,000 KD 0.1 micron 100 1000
500 KD 0.02 micron 20 200
200 KD 0.01 micron 10 100
50 KD 0.004 micron 4 40
10 KD 0.0025 micron 2.5 25
5 KD 0.0015 micron 1.5 15

- Separation of two compounds

As a general rule,
- Separation of two species is possible if they differ in molecular weight by a factor of 10.
- Choose a membrane with a pore size (MWCO) that is less than half of the compound of interest.


Tips for improving the chances of separation are: 1. Choose a membrane 20-25% smaller than the larger of the two species. 2. Better separations are obtained from more dilute solutions. 3. The higher the Trans Membrane Pressure the better the separation. Use the maximum available with the device being used. 4. Separations can be highly pH dependant. It may be possible to improve the separation efficiency by optimising the pH of the buffer solution."





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